Higher highs and higher lows since Wednesday, compressing 1.3374–1.3406.
Cable has printed higher highs and higher lows since Wednesday's 1.3272 low. Thursday's NY session broke out above 1.3340, and London extended the move on Friday to a 1.3434 week high as BoE hike pricing and a softer dollar lifted GBP. The rejection from the week high pulled back through the first hours of NY to a 1.3374 NY low, right on the 38.2% retracement of the rally. Since then price has compressed beneath a 1.3406 lower high, sitting on EMA(20) with RSI(14) reset to about 51 and EMA(50) near 1.3367 still rising underneath.
Support: 1.3374, 1.3360, 1.3300
Resistance: 1.3406, 1.3434
What it said to watch
H1 close above the 1.3406 lower high would reopen the 1.3434 week high
Break of the rising trendline from Thursday's NY low, plus a loss of the 1.3374 NY low, would expose the 1.3360 pullback low and the 50% retracement near 1.3353
US ISM Manufacturing (Mon 15:00 UTC) and the BoE decision (Thu Nov 5, 12:00 GMT) could materially shift this read; the digest flags the 1.3300 round number on a dovish outcome
Higher lows since Wednesday; breakout above the 1.3340 range now consolidating.
Cable bottomed at 1.3272 at Wednesday's London open. Thursday's NY session then broke the 1.3290–1.3340 range, helped by easing gilt stress after the Budget and a softer USD on falling yields. Friday's London push printed a week high at 1.3434 before a sharp London-NY transition drop found demand at the 1.3374 swing low, which sits right on the 38.2% fib of the week's impulse and retests Thursday's highs. Price is now pinned at EMA(20) near 1.3393 with RSI(14) back to the low 50s, and the NY rebound capped at a 1.3406 lower high.
Support: 1.3393, 1.3374, 1.3353
Resistance: 1.3406, 1.3434, 1.3450
What it said to watch
H1 close below the 1.3374 swing low breaks the higher-lows trendline and exposes the fib 50% at 1.3353
Reclaim of the 1.3406 lower high puts the 1.3434 week high and the 1.3450 round number back in play
Sustained trade below ema20 at 1.3393 shifts the read to a deeper correction of the week impulse
US ISM Manufacturing Mon 15:00 UTC and the BoE decision Thu Nov 5 could materially shift this read
19:02 UTC
Uptrend, pulling back from week high · RSI 52 · price 1.3387
Higher lows since Wednesday; Friday's pullback found the 38.2% fib.
Cable based at 1.3272 at Wednesday's London open. The 1.3338 prior high capped both the post-FOMC spike and Thursday's London trade before NY broke it, as gilt yields eased after the Budget, BoE hike bets firmed and falling Treasury yields weighed on USD. Friday's push to a 1.3434 week high, with RSI near 78, met a sharp rejection into the NY open. The pullback held at 1.3374, the 38.2% fib of the 1.3272–1.3434 leg, which also retested Thursday's breakout area. Price now sits just below EMA20 (~1.3392), still above EMA50 (~1.3369), with RSI reset to the low 50s, and the 1.3406 lower high caps the bounce so far.
Support: 1.3374, 1.3360, 1.3338
Resistance: 1.3392, 1.3406, 1.3434
What it said to watch
An hourly close back above EMA20 and the 1.3406 lower high reopens the 1.3434 week high
A break of the 1.3374 fib 38.2 and the 1.3360 swing low ends the higher lows sequence and exposes the 1.3338 prior high
US ISM Manufacturing (Mon 15:00 UTC) and the BoE decision on Nov 5 at 12:00 GMT, where vote split and guidance could materially shift this read
18:02 UTC
Uptrend, pausing after rejection at week high · RSI 54 · price 1.3396
Higher lows since Wednesday; NY pullback held above Thursday breakout base.
Cable has built higher lows since Wednesday's 1.3272 week low. The decisive leg through the twice-tested 1.3338 cap came in NY hours Thursday, as the dollar faded despite firm GDP/PCE, and Friday's London session extended it to a 1.3434 week high on a firmer BoE hike narrative. Supply at the high drove a NY-open drop to 1.3374, which held near the 38.2% of the Wed–Fri impulse and on rising support, and price has since settled back on EMA(20) near 1.3394 with RSI(14) cooled to ~54 from overbought.
Support: 1.3374, 1.3338, 1.3272
Resistance: 1.3407, 1.3434, 1.3450
What it said to watch
H1 close below the 1.3374 ny low and rising support breaks the higher-low sequence and exposes the 1.3338 breakout level
Reclaim of the 1.3407 asia high puts the 1.3434 week high back in play; a close above it opens the 1.3450 psych area
Loss of 1.3338 would put the week low at 1.3272 back in focus as the base of this week's impulse
US ISM Manufacturing (Mon 15:00 UTC) and Tuesday's midterms could materially shift the USD leg; BoE on Nov 5 is the GBP event risk
17:02 UTC
Uptrend, pulling back after week-high rejection · RSI 54 · price 1.33957
Higher lows since Wednesday; range break Thursday, retest of breakout zone holding.
Cable reversed the Monday–Tuesday slide from Wednesday's 1.3272 London-open low. The Budget-session rebound stalled at the 1.3338 range top until Thursday's NY-session range break, as firm BoE hike pricing outweighed strong US GDP. London extended the move to a 1.3434 week high today, before a sharp NY pullback to the 1.3374 NY low, which held at the 38.2% retracement of the week's impulse and on the higher-low line. Price now sits just above EMA(20) at 1.3393, with RSI(14) cooled to the mid-50s from near 70, and the 1.3407 Asia high caps the bounce.
Support: 1.3393, 1.3374, 1.3338
Resistance: 1.3407, 1.3434, 1.3450
What it said to watch
H1 close below the 1.3374 ny low breaks the higher-low line and exposes the 1.3338 range top (61.8% of the week impulse)
Close above the 1.3407 asia high reopens the 1.3434 week high, with the 1.3450 round number beyond
Fed's Musalem at 16:30 UTC and the weekly close could shift USD tone around current levels
16:01 UTC
Uptrend, pullback from week high · RSI 55 · price 1.33952
Higher lows since Wednesday's low; Thursday range breakout, Friday high rejected.
After a drift to the 1.3272 week low at Wednesday's London open, GBPUSD capped at the 1.3338 range top until Thursday's NY session broke it. London then carried it to a 1.3434 week high today on BoE hike expectations and a softer dollar. The NY-open rejection from the week high found a 1.3374 pullback low near the 38.2% fib, and price now sits on EMA(20) just under 1.3400 psych with RSI(14) back in the mid-50s.
Support: 1.33929, 1.33737, 1.33384
Resistance: 1.3400, 1.34336
What it said to watch
H1 close below the 1.3374 pullback low breaks the higher-lows trendline and puts the 1.3338 range top back in play
Reclaim of 1.3400 psych and a close above the 1.3434 week high would resume the breakout leg
Failure to hold EMA(20) around 1.3393 after the rejection would extend the pullback
Fed's Daly (16:00Z) and Musalem (16:30Z) could shift USD tone into the weekly close
BoE decision Thu 5 Nov 12:00 UTC is the main GBP event risk; positioning drives until then
Higher lows from 1.3272, range break Thursday, now retracing below EMA20.
GBPUSD turned higher from Wednesday's 1.3272 week low after the FOMC. It broke the 1.3300–1.3338 range top during Thursday's NY session as the dollar softened, then extended to a 1.3434 week high in London today. A 58-pip drop into the NY open broke the Thursday–Friday rising trendline and pushed price below EMA(20) at 1.3390. Price is now testing the 38.2% fib of the rally at 1.3372, with RSI(14) back at 50 from readings near 80 and Thursday's pullback low at 1.3360 just beneath alongside EMA(50).
Support: 1.3372, 1.3360, 1.3338
Resistance: 1.3390, 1.3434
What it said to watch
H1 close below the 1.3360 pullback low and EMA(50) opens a deeper retracement toward the 1.3338 range top
Reclaiming EMA(20) at 1.3390 puts the broken trendline back in play; a close above the 1.3434 week high resumes the higher-high sequence
Fed's Daly (16:00 UTC) and Musalem (16:30 UTC) today could shift the USD leg; BoE on 5 Nov is the larger GBP risk
14:02 UTC
Uptrend, pulling back from week high · RSI 59 · price 1.3400
Higher lows since Wednesday, breakout above 1.3338 being tested from above.
Cable has printed higher lows since Wednesday's London-open low at 1.3272. The 1.3338 prior high, which capped both the Fed-day spike and Thursday's London session, gave way in Thursday's NY session, and London extended the Wednesday-to-Friday impulse to a 1.3434 week high today on broad GBP demand ahead of the BoE. The first hour of NY pared about 30 pips after the in-line ECI as USD clawed back, leaving price on the 1.34 psych level just above EMA(20) near 1.3394, with RSI(14) cooled to ~59.
Support: 1.3399, 1.3376, 1.3338
Resistance: 1.3434, 1.3450
What it said to watch
H1 close below the 1.34 psych level and EMA(20) exposes the 1.3376 day low, then the 1.3338 prior high near the 61.8% retracement of the impulse
A recovery through the 1.3434 week high puts the 1.3450 half figure in view
Daly (16:00 UTC) and Musalem (16:30 UTC) could extend the post-ECI USD rebound
A break of the rising support from Wednesday's low, near 1.3323, would end the higher-low sequence
13:01 UTC
Uptrend, extended near week high · RSI 70 · price 1.34253
Range break Thursday, higher highs and higher lows since.
Cable held a 1.3272–1.3338 range from Monday to Thursday, setting the week low at Wednesday's London open. Twin highs at 1.3338 on the FOMC and pre-GDP bars capped that range top until the NY session Thursday broke it, as the dollar extended its post-FOMC fade after the ECB hold. Friday's London session carried the Wednesday-to-Friday impulse to a week high at 1.3434, with pullbacks holding a rising trendline and price well above the ema20 near 1.3396, while RSI(14) near 70 and smaller bars at the high show momentum stretched rather than turning.
Support: 1.3396, 1.3380, 1.3338
Resistance: 1.3434, 1.3450
What it said to watch
H1 close below the rising trendline near 1.3415 and the ema20 at 1.3396 would be the first break of Thursday's impulse structure
Failure to hold the friday low at 1.3380 shifts focus to the range top at 1.3338, near the 50% retracement of the impulse at 1.3353
A close above the week high at 1.3434 opens the path to the 1.3450 round number
Chicago PMI at 13:45 UTC and Fed's Daly and Musalem later in NY hours can move the dollar side; the BoE decision on Nov 5 is the larger event risk for this read
12:01 UTC
Uptrend, extended into week high · RSI 71 · price 1.34263
Higher highs and higher lows since Wednesday's low; Wed–Thu range broken.
Cable has built higher lows since Wednesday's 1.3272 London-open low, with Thursday's NY-session range break above the 1.3338 range top after the ECB and US data extending into a 1.3434 week high during London today. GBP has been bid on BoE hike expectations against a softer post-FOMC dollar. The psych 1.3400 area and the Friday low at 1.3380 have absorbed pullbacks, while RSI(14) near 70 is overbought and momentum is flattening below the 1.3420–1.3434 week high.
Support: 1.3400, 1.3380, 1.3338
Resistance: 1.3434, 1.3450
What it said to watch
US ECI at 12:30 UTC (f/c 0.8%) and Chicago PMI at 13:45 could materially shift this read
H1 close back below the psych 1.3400 area would point to a deeper retracement of the rally toward the friday low at 1.3380
Loss of the higher lows trendline and the 1.3338 range top would undo the range break
Close above the 1.3434 week high opens the round number at 1.3450
11:01 UTC
Uptrend, extended into week high · RSI 74 · price 1.34286
Higher highs and higher lows since Wednesday's low; Thursday range broken.
Cable has gained about 160 pips off Wednesday's 1.3272 London-morning week low. NY Thursday cleared the 1.3338 range top that had capped both the FOMC spike and Thursday's London session, and London today pressed to a 1.3432 week high. Price sits well above EMA(20) near 1.3389 with RSI(14) around 74, and pullbacks since Thursday have printed higher lows. The move tracks post-Budget relief, priced-in BoE hike expectations and a softer post-FOMC USD.
Support: 1.3407, 1.3389, 1.3338
Resistance: 1.3432, 1.3450
What it said to watch
US ECI at 12:30 UTC (f/c 0.8%) could materially shift this read; a hot print fits the stall scenario near 1.3390-1.3400
H1 close above the 1.3432 week high opens the 1.3450 round number
Failure to hold the Asia high at 1.3407 breaks the higher lows line and puts EMA(20) near 1.3389 in play
A return below the 1.3338 range top, near the 61.8% retrace of the Wed-Fri rally, would undo Thursday's breakout
10:01 UTC
Uptrend, extended into week high · RSI 69 · price 1.34145
Higher lows since Wednesday, range break Thursday.
Cable has climbed about 145 pips off Wednesday's London-open low at 1.3272. Thursday's NY session did most of the work, with GBP shrugging off the strong US GDP beat and breaking out of the 1.3296–1.3338 range. Friday's London session extended the impulse to a week high at 1.3418, with price holding above EMA(20) near 1.3390, a rising-lows trendline just under 1.3400, the asian low at 1.3380 below, and RSI(14) near 69, stretched but not yet diverging.
Support: 1.3390, 1.3380, 1.3362
Resistance: 1.3418, 1.3450
What it said to watch
US ECI at 12:30 UTC and Chicago PMI at 13:45 UTC could materially shift this read; a hot ECI is the main USD-side risk
H1 close below the asian low at 1.3380 breaks the rising-lows trendline and EMA(20) together
H1 close above the 1.3418 week high opens the path to the 1.3450 round number
Pullback holding the fib 38.2 at 1.3362 keeps the Wednesday–Friday impulse intact
Higher highs and higher lows; Monday high cleared, now probing 1.34.
Cable bottomed at 1.3272 around Wednesday's London open, recovered through the Budget and Fed sessions, then broke Monday's 1.3359 high during Thursday's NY session as the softer USD outweighed strong US GDP. Friday's Asia session added a week high at 1.3413, and the Asia dip held near 1.3380 around EMA(20), which keeps the rising trendline intact. RSI(14) near 72 is overbought, and price is holding just above the 1.3400 round number.
Support: 1.3400, 1.3380, 1.3359
Resistance: 1.34127
What it said to watch
US ECI at 12:30 UTC today (f/c 0.8%): a wage beat could reverse the third-day USD slide
An H1 close back below 1.3400 round number puts the 1.3380 friday low and rising trendline in focus
Loss of the 1.3359 monday high, also the 38.2% Wed-Fri fib, breaks the higher-low sequence
A clean close above the 1.3413 week high extends the uptrend into fresh territory for the week
Higher lows since Wednesday, tight range below week high.
Cable slid from Monday's weekly open near 1.3357 to a 1.3272 low early in Wednesday's London session. It then built higher lows, with the decisive leg in Thursday's NY session as the dollar slipped on US-Iran peace hopes despite strong GDP and PCE, clearing the 1.3338 prior high and the weekly open. Since the 1.3407 week high in Friday's Asia session, price has compressed in a 20-pip band just under the 1.3400 round number, holding above EMA(20) at 1.3381 with RSI(14) easing from the high-60s/low-70s.
Support: 1.3381, 1.3357, 1.3339
Resistance: 1.3400, 1.34073
What it said to watch
H1 close above the 1.3407 week high breaks the stall under the 1.3400 round number
Failure to hold EMA(20) near 1.3381 exposes the weekly open at 1.3357, which also sits at the 38.2% fib of the Wed-Fri leg
A break of the higher-lows trendline turns focus to the 1.3339 prior high, near the 50% fib
US ECI at 12:30 UTC and Fed's Daly and Musalem later in the NY session could materially shift this read
Higher lows from 1.3272, breakout above 1.3338, compressing under week high.
Cable printed lower highs from Monday into a 1.3272 low at Wednesday's London open. It then turned higher, broke the 1.3338 range top during Thursday's NY session and set a 1.3407 week high in Friday's Asian session. A softer USD on US-Iran de-escalation outweighed the US Q3 GDP beat. Price has since compressed in a 1.3380–1.3407 band beneath the 1.3400–1.3430 resistance zone, holding above EMA(20) near 1.3372 with RSI(14) back in the low 60s; Thursday's pullback low near 1.3360 sits just above the 38.2% retracement.
Support: 1.3372, 1.3360, 1.3338
Resistance: 1.3407, 1.3430
What it said to watch
US ECI at 12:30 UTC and Chicago PMI at 13:45 UTC could materially shift this read; Daly and Musalem follow later in the NY session
H1 close above the 1.3407 week high opens the upper end of the 1.3400–1.3430 resistance zone
Loss of EMA(20) and the 1.3360 Thursday pullback low would point to a deeper retracement of the week's rally
H1 close back below the 1.3338 range top would undo Thursday's breakout and break the rising trendline structure
Breakout from Thursday range, higher lows under capped week high.
Cable reversed the Monday–Wednesday slide from the 1.3272 London-open low. It broke above the 1.3338 breakout level in Thursday's NY session as the ECB hold sank the euro and GBP shrugged off the strong US GDP print. A softer USD in the Asia session extended the move to a 1.3407 week high, where two attempts at the 1.3400 round number have been capped; price holds above EMA(20) near 1.3369 and the 1.3375 Asia low (23.6% fib) on a higher-low trendline, with RSI(14) easing to ~61.
Support: 1.3375, 1.3369, 1.3338
Resistance: 1.3400, 1.3407, 1.3430
What it said to watch
H1 close above the 1.3407 week high clears the round number cap and opens the 1.3430 range edge
Close below the higher-low trendline and 1.3375 Asia low puts EMA(20) near 1.3369 in play
Return below the 1.3338 breakout lvl (50% fib) would put price back inside Thursday's range
US ECI 12:30 UTC, Chicago PMI 13:45 UTC and Daly/Musalem remarks could materially shift this read
05:02 UTC
Uptrend, stalling under 1.3400 · RSI 66 · price 1.33922
Monday-to-Wednesday selling, mostly in the London and NY sessions, set the week low at 1.3272 early Wednesday. The turn came Wednesday evening around the Budget and Fed. In Thursday's NY session, cable shook off an initial dip after the US GDP beat and broke the 1.3338 prior cap that had held twice. It ran through the evening and extended to a 1.3407 week high in Friday's Asian session as the dollar softened on US-Iran peace hopes and BoE hike pricing. Price now sits well above a rising EMA(20) near 1.3372. The Asia low at 1.3376 and Thursday's pullback low at 1.3360 form the higher-low sequence, while the 1.3400 psych level and the week high cap the move for now with RSI(14) easing from the high 60s.
Support: 1.33755, 1.33602, 1.33384
Resistance: 1.3400, 1.34073
What it said to watch
H1 close below the 1.3376 asia low and the higher-low trendline breaks the sequence; the 38.2% retracement near 1.3356 and the 1.3360 pullback low come next
A return below the 1.3338 prior cap would turn Thursday's breakout into a false break
H1 close above the 1.3407 week high and 1.3400 psych opens the 1.3430 resistance area
US Employment Cost Index at 12:30 UTC today, plus Daly and Musalem later, could materially shift this read
04:01 UTC
Uptrend since Wednesday low, stretched near week high · RSI 72 · price 1.33951
V-shaped reversal; higher lows from 1.3272, breakout above weekly open.
Cable slid from the 1.3380 weekly open to a 1.3272 week low in Wednesday's London session, then turned on the Fed bar and broke higher in Thursday's NY session as the dollar softened on Middle East de-escalation despite the strong US GDP print. The rally extended through the Asia session to a 1.3407 week high, with price now holding just under the 1.3400 psych level and well above an EMA(20) near 1.3367. RSI(14) is overbought around 72; the first pullback in the move found support near 1.3360, close to the 38.2% fib of the Wednesday-to-Friday impulse.
Support: 1.3380, 1.3367, 1.3356
Resistance: 1.3400, 1.3407, 1.3430
What it said to watch
Hourly close above the 1.3407 week high opens the path to next resistance at 1.3430
H1 close back below the 1.3380 weekly open would mark the breakout as stalling
Loss of the 38.2% fib at 1.3356 puts the shallower higher-lows line near 1.3310 in play
US ECI at 12:30 UTC today (f/c 0.8%) could materially shift this read
03:02 UTC
Uptrend since Wednesday low, stretched near 1.3400 · RSI 72 · price 1.33918
Higher low at 1.3296 and break of 1.3338 high; capped at 1.3407.
Cable printed lower highs from Monday into a 1.3272 low at Wednesday's London open, then set a higher low at 1.3296 into Thursday's ECB and US GDP window. The NY-session break of the 1.3338 Fed-day high, now the breakout level, came on hawkish BoE pricing despite the US GDP beat. It carried price back above the 1.3381 weekly open and into the 1.3400 psych area, where the 1.3407 week high capped the Asia push. Price sits well above EMA(20) with RSI(14) near 72 and overbought, and the 38.2% retracement of the Wed–Fri impulse is near 1.3356.
Support: 1.3381, 1.3338, 1.3296
Resistance: 1.3407
What it said to watch
H1 close above the 1.3407 week high clears 1.3400 and puts the digest's 1.3430 resistance in play
Loss of rising support from Thursday's 1.3301 low, then a close back below the 1.3381 weekly open, would mark the first break in the rally's structure
A drop back through the 1.3338 breakout level toward the 50% retracement of the Wed–Fri impulse near 1.3340 would undo the break; the 1.3296 higher low is the structural floor
US ECI at 12:30 UTC and Fed's Daly and Musalem later in the NY session could materially shift this read
02:01 UTC
Uptrend, stretched after breakout · RSI 74 · price 1.33957
V-recovery from Wed week low, new week high above week open.
Cable sold off from the 1.3383 week open through Monday and Tuesday to a week low at 1.3272 in Wednesday's London session. The Fed-hour rally then stalled at 1.3338 until Thursday's NY session broke that level as the dollar slipped despite the US GDP beat, with BoE hike pricing adding support. Asia extended the move to a new week high at 1.3396, just under the 1.3400 round number. Price sits about 35 pips above the H1 ema20 at 1.3361, and RSI(14) is near 74, overbought after a three-day climb.
Support: 1.3383, 1.3361, 1.3338
Resistance: 1.3400, 1.3430
What it said to watch
Acceptance above the 1.3400 round number opens the 1.3430 macro level cited as resistance in news flow
H1 close back below the 1.3383 week open would mark the push above it as a false break
Loss of the 1.3338 breakout level (near the 50% fib of the week's rally) negates the breakout read
US ECI at 12:30 UTC and Daly/Musalem at 16:00–16:30 UTC could reprice December Fed odds and shift this read
BoE decision Thu Nov 5 at 12:00 GMT: the vote split and guidance are the main event risk for the week
V-shaped reversal, breakout above 1.3338 now pinned under week high.
Cable has fully reversed the Monday–Wednesday slide that bottomed at 1.3272 in Wednesday's London session. It printed a higher low at 1.3296 on Thursday, then NY-hours buying after the ECB hold carried it through the 1.3338 prior high, shrugging off the US GDP beat. Price is back near Monday's open, consolidating between the 1.3360 pullback low and the 1.3390 week high, with EMA(20) rising near 1.3355 and RSI(14) near 69.
Support: 1.3360, 1.3338, 1.3296
Resistance: 1.3390, 1.3400
What it said to watch
H1 close above the 1.3390 week high and the 1.3400 round number extends the recovery toward the 1.3430 area
Loss of the 1.3360 pullback low exposes a retest of the 1.3338 prior high, close to the 50% fib of the Wed low–week high move
Break below the 1.3296 higher low and the higher-low trendline negates the reversal structure
US ECI at 12:30 UTC and Fed's Daly/Musalem later Friday could materially shift this read
V-shaped recovery: higher lows from 1.3272, breakout above 1.3338 prior high, now at week high.
Cable bled from the 1.3377 week open through Monday–Wednesday London sessions to a 1.3272 week low, then turned higher around Wednesday's Fed hold. The decisive leg came in Thursday's NY session: price shrugged off the US GDP beat as the ECB hold weighed on EUR, clearing the 1.3338 prior high, and buyers defended the 1.3360 pullback low before price pushed to a 1.3390 week high. RSI(14) near 72 sits in overbought territory, and price is well clear of EMA(20). Price is pressing the 1.3400 round number.
Support: 1.3377, 1.3360, 1.3338
Resistance: 1.3390, 1.3400
What it said to watch
H1 close back below the 1.3377 week open would undercut the breakout read
Loss of the 1.3360 pullback low exposes the 1.3338 prior high and the 38.2–50% zone of the rally fib
Acceptance above the 1.3390 week high and 1.3400 round number extends the higher-low sequence
Overbought RSI rolling over without a new high would mark momentum fading at the week high
US ECI Q3 Friday 12:30 UTC (f/c 0.8%) and Fed's Daly/Musalem could materially shift this read
Break of the higher-low line from Wednesday's low would end the recovery structure